Design and Numerical Analysis of a Graphene-Coated SPR Biosensor for Rapid Detection of the Novel Coronavirus

In this paper, a highly sensitive graphene-based multiple-layer (BK7/Au/PtSe2/Graphene) coated surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor is proposed for the rapid detection of novel Coronavirus (COVID-19). The sensor was modeled on basis total internal reflection (TIR) technique real-time ligand-analyte immobilization in sensing region. refractive index (RI) region changed due to interaction different concentrations ligand-analyte, thus impacting polaritons (SPPs) excitation multi-layer interface. performance numerically investigated by using transfer matrix method (TMM) and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. SPR provides fast accurate early-stage diagnosis COVID-19 virus, which crucial limiting spread pandemic. addition, with ligand-analytes: (i) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) as ligand virus spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) analyte, (ii) RBD anti-spike protein (IgM, IgG) analyte (iii) specific probe single-standard ribonucleic acid (RNA) analyte. After investigation, sensitivity found provide 183.33°/refractive unit (RIU) angle (?SPR) 833.33THz/RIU frequency (SPRF) RBD; obtained 153.85°/RIU 726.50THz/RIU SPRF protein, finally, 140.35°/RIU 500THz/RIU viral RNA. It observed that whole higher than other two processes. Highly two-dimensional (2D) materials were used achieve significant enhancement Goos-Hänchen (GH) shift plasmonic properties conventional sensor. successfully senses offers additional (1 + 0.55) × L times owing added graphene layers. Besides, analyzed based accuracy (DA), figure merit (FOM), signal-noise ratio (SNR), quality factor (QF). Based its analysis, it expected may reduce lengthy procedures, false positive results, clinical costs, compared traditional sensors. model checked TMM algorithm validated FDTD technique.